石榴籽·同心圆 | 阿昌族：千锤百炼匠人心 织出绚美新生活
阿昌的子孙啊，你知不知道我们阿昌的历史？
Oh descendants of the Achang people, do you know our history?
今天是个好日子， 我给你们讲故事：
Today is a good day; I will tell you a story:
先讲遮帕麻造天，再讲遮咪麻织地……
First, let me speak of Zhepama creating the heavens, then of Zhemima weaving the earth...
——阿昌族民间史诗《遮帕麻和遮咪麻》节选
— Excerpt from the Achang folk epic "Zhepama and Zhemima"
曹明宽，国家级非遗项目遮帕麻和遮咪麻代表性传承人，30岁开始主持各种祭祀活动。阿昌族人称他为“活袍”。如今，已过耄耋之年的曹明宽，还能给来访者完整唱诵《遮帕麻和遮咪麻》。
Cao Mingkuan, a representative inheritor of the national intangible cultural heritage project of Zhepama and Zhemima, began hosting various ceremonial activities at the age of 30, Known as a high priestcalled "living robe" among the Achang ethnic community, the now nonagenarian manis still able to perform the complete chants of the epicfor visitors.
创世史诗《遮帕麻与遮咪麻》是阿昌族民间口传文学中最古老的部分，是滋养阿昌族民族性格、文化心理的重要源泉。在史诗中，天公遮帕麻和地母遮咪麻开天辟地，而今天，阿昌族人也正用双手创造着美好的生活。
The epic "Zhepama and Zhemima" is the oldest component of the oral literature of the Achang ethnic group, serving as a vital source for nurturing the national character and cultural psyche of the Achang people. In the epic, the sky-creating god Zhepama and the earth-weaving goddess Zhemima create the world, while today, the Achang people are also actively building a better life with their own hands.
闻名于世的“户撒刀”是阿昌族人智慧的结晶。户撒刀制作过程须经10道工序，尤以淬火技艺最为突出，通过热处理使刀叶的硬度和韧性达到最佳状态——“柔可绕指，吹发即断，刚可削铁”。
The world-renowned Husa knife is a testament to the ingenuity of the Achang people. The production process involves ten distinct steps, with quenching techniques standing out prominently. Through thermal treatment, the hardness and toughness of the blade are optimized— "flexible enough to bend around a finger, yet sharp enough to break hair and hard enough to cut through iron."
如今，户撒地区制铁加工业焕发出了新的活力。成品工艺刀采取合作制，刀柄、刀鞘等配件还可以定制，从而带动了珠宝加工、镶嵌等周边产业。
The iron-making industry in the Husa region has recently experienced a resurgence.These finished artisanal knives are produced under a cooperative model, allowing for customization of components such as handles and sheaths, which in turn stimulates related industries such as jewelry processing and inlay work.
项老赛（国家级非遗项目阿昌族户撒刀锻制技艺代表性传承人）：“我们一把刀带给好几家、好多农户生活费，卖了一把刀，家家生活都会更好，所以我们不断地创新、不断地发明。”
Xiang Laosai, a national inheritor of the Achang Husa knife making technique: "Each knife we produce supports multiple households'livelihoods. Selling just one knife can improve the quality of life for many families. This drives us to continually innovate and invent."
项老赛14岁时随父亲学习打刀技艺，凭着惊人的毅力和天生的悟性，掌握了锻刀的全套技艺。因其技术过硬，在乡里享有“户撒刀王”的美称，他锻制的龙凤刀被中央民族大学博物馆收藏。
At the age of 14, Xiang began learning the art of knife forging from his father. Through remarkable perseverance and innate talent, he mastered the complete set of techniques required for blade crafting. Due to his exceptional skills, he is honored in his village as the "chief master of making Husa knife." His crafted dragon-phoenix Husa knifeis now part of the collection at the museum of the Minzu University of China.
飞天“舞刀”，踏地“织锦”。火星四溅的打刀作坊外，一双双阿昌族妇女勤劳的双手正织出幸福生活。精美的筒裙、筒帕、包头……借助互联网，阿昌民族服饰走得越来越远。
Besides forging Husa knife, brocade weaving is also a long-standing tradition. Outsidea traditional Husa knife handicraft workshop where sparks fly from the blades, the diligent hands of Achang women are weaving a tapestry of a happy life. The exquisite Achang garments—such as tube skirts, tube scarves, and headwraps, with the help of the internet, are reaching far beyond their local origins.
尹春焕，梁河县娥昌民族服饰有限公司总经理，地道的阿昌族姑娘，她既是年轻的设计师，也是传承和弘扬阿昌文化的“召集人”。近年来，尹春焕组织阿昌族妇女参加织锦、网络直播等培训，把阿昌文化展示给更多的人。
Yin Chunhuan, general manager of Lianghe County Achang Ethnic ApparelCo., is an Achang woman. As a young designer, she also serves as an organizerfor the preservation and promotion of Achang culture. In recent years, Yin has organized training sessions for Achang women in brocade weaving and live streaming, showcasing Achang culture to a broader audience.
尹改春（梁河县文化馆馆员）：“这就是我们阿昌族传承馆的生产车间。它有各种各样的颜色，以前是只有黑色做底，现在社会的发展，大家喜欢的都是各种各样的颜色，根据大家的喜好，就创作出来各种颜色底板的阿昌族织锦。”
Yin Gaichun, a staff member at Lianghe County's cultural center: "This is the production workshop of our Achang ethnic heritage center. The brocade features a variety of colors; previously, the base color was solely black. However, with societal development, people now prefer a range of colors. In response to these preferences, we have created Achang brocades with various colored bases."
尹春焕还积极带动脱贫户发展餐饮、民宿等旅游产业，通过“非遗+旅游”模式，签约当地妇女成立民间文艺表演队，向前来的宾朋展示阿昌族文化，为群众增收致富开辟出一条全新的路子。
Yin Chunhuan is also keen on promoting the development of the tourism industry, including catering and homestays, for households once stricken by poverty. By combining intangible cultural heritage and tourism, she has signed contracts with local women to form a folk art performance team, showcasing Achang culture to visitors and opening up new avenues for income generation and prosperity for the community.
气势磅礴的高黎贡山余脉自腾冲逶迤延伸而南，是阿昌族人民世代聚居地区。曹明宽依旧生活在老屋的房檐下，织布机织布的札札声、劈柴爆裂的噼啪声，与《遮帕麻和遮咪麻》一起，唱诵着阿昌族人平静而热烈的生活。
The majestic Gaoligong Mountain range extends southward from Tengchong City, forming a traditional home for the Achang ethnic group. Cao Mingkuan continues to live in his old house, where the rhythmic sound of the loom weaving fabric and the crackling of firewood echo together with the songs of "Zhepama and Zhemima,"reflecting the Achang people's tranquil yet vibrant way of life.
最动听的调子是“俄罗”，最美丽的花朵是攀枝花，唱一支“俄罗”歌颂遮帕麻， 采一朵攀枝花献给遮咪麻……
The most melodious tune is the traditional tune of "Eluo," and the most beautiful flower is kapok. Sing a song of "Eluo"in praise of Zhepama, and pick a bloom of kapokto present to Zhemima...
——阿昌族民间史诗《遮帕麻和遮咪麻》节选
— Excerpt from the Achang folk epic “Zhepama and Zhemima”
学术支持
Academic Support
中央民族大学互联网平台企业发展与治理研究中心
Research Center for Internet Platform Enterprise Development and Governance at Minzu University of China
鸣谢
Acknowledgement
中共德宏州委宣传部
The publicity department of Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture
中共陇川县委宣传部
The publicity department of Longchuan County
中共梁河县委宣传部
The publicity department of Lianghe County
梁河县文化和旅游局
The culture and tourism bureau of Lianghe County
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